The main aim of the paper is analysis of the new dimension of technological change\nin economic development. To the particulary goals of the research belong the presentation of the\ntechnological and organizational nature of innovations products and innovations process, regional\ndimension of innovation system, dependence between the innovation system and innovation\nprocess, technological, complementary and additive alliances as well as consortia for research and\ndevelopment (R&D), business consulting, knowledge-absorbing business services (KIBS) and\nlinks between science, industry and governance. The important results of the research is the\nconclusion that in the innovation process very important are the connection between science,\nmarket (industry) and governance. There is positive dependence between innovation activity and\neffectiveness of the innovation process. The more interaction and cooperation it can observe on the\nregional level than on the state. .Strategic technological alliances are seen mainly in the modern\nsectors like biotechnology or information technology, where the costs of product development are\nparticularly high. An increasingly important role in the innovation of companies, mainly industrial\nones, plays consulting and knowledge-absorbing business services (KIBS).

This paper examines how English language learners can make use of communication strategies to overcome limitations in language reception and production. It also presents steps for carrying out effective in class training and practice for developing communication strategies. Finally, it suggests classroom activities to combine strategy practice with vocabulary development.

The objective of this study is to devise an alternative strengthening method to the ones available in the literature. So, external steel members were used to enhance flexural and shear capacities of insufficiently reinforced concrete (RC) beams. Two types of RC beams, one without stirrups and one with lacking stirrups, were prepared in the study. These beams were strengthened with external steel clamps devised by the authors and with external longitudinal reinforcements. Although the use of clamps alone did not have a significant effect on the load carrying capacity of the tested beams, the ductility increased approximately tenfold and the failure behavior changed from brittle to ductile. While the use of clamps and longitudinal reinforcements together did not significantly increase the ductility of the beams, it approximately doubled their load capacities. Additionally, debonding which is one of the critical problems is not encountered during experiments. The results of the experimental study were compared to the ones obtained from nonlinear finite element analysis (NLFEA) and it was observed that they were compatible. Finally, it can be concluded that the devised method could be applied to structural members as an alternative to methods in application due to low-cost, easy applicable and reliable.

In last decades, there are many works for odour classification using different sensor arrays and machine learning algorithms. The odour classification should be extended to new areas since its standard style where the output pattern from multiple sensors with partially overlapped specificity is recognized by machine learning classifiers. In this study, we have proposed a novel hybrid classifier with the capability of the classification among closely similar data set of 20 different odours of perfumes. This hybrid method is combined both unsupervised fuzzy c-means clustering and supervised support vector machines. Moreover performance comparisons between this proposed method and the other well-known machine learning algorithms were done.

Exchange rate risk is the fluctuation of enterprise’s profitability caused by the market exchange rate fluctuation. In fact, the exchange rate fluctuation greatly affects the enterprise’s investment asset value because he has to pay in foreign currency for investment capital under the different terms. The exchange rate risk is the potential fluctuation of the investment assets and is enterprise’s unexpected. This article applies Historical data simulation model to assess and forecast the loss or profit of investment assets through Value at Risk (VaR) by using historical data of the actual exchange rate of a year. The research results of the model show that how much the loss or profit of total investment assets does the enterprise suffer or get? And how is the risk level? These relate to the historical exchange rate fluctuation, the spot exchange rate and the forward exchange rate of investment assets so that the enterprise can effectively hedge the financial risk. This model is necessary for the enterprises to adopt. Because, this model uses the historical data exchange rate to measure and analyze the financial risk level with high accuracy results.

Introduction\nThe most common complications associated with external fixation are perhaps the pin tract infections. They are often demonstrated as a superficial or deeper infection on the segment. Most of them respond well to local pin care and oral antibiotics.\nThe aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of segmental distribution on the incidence of pin tract infections in patients treated by the method of Ilizarov.\nMaterial and methods\nThe analysis was made on the results of 26 patients treated by the method of Ilizarov on the Clinic for Orthopaedic Surgery in Skopje from 2008 to 2013. 26 segments were analyzed from point of view of pin tract infections from which 14 lower legs (53,85%), 5 thighs (19,24%), 3 arms (11,54%), 2 knee joints (7,69%) and 2 talocrural joints (7,69%). No half-pins but only wires have been used. Pin tract infections were graded using the Saleh-Scott classification system.\nResults\nIn the group of analyzed lower legs, 8 of 14 patients (57,14%) or 26 of 244 sites present infection signs (10,66%). In the group of analyzed thighs, 3 of 5 patients show pin tract infection signs (60%), or 16 of 66 sites. (24,24%). All the arms present pin tract infection, or 13 from 36 pin sites. (36,11%). In the two analyzed knee joints the infected sites are presented by 14,28%, whereas in the two talocrural joints infection is determined with 3,57%. \nConclusion\nAlthough differences in incidence of pin tract infections in different segments were detected, most pin tract infections were mild and successfully managed by local treatment and administration of oral antibiotics only. There was neither change in the method of stabilization, nor removal of a wire due to prolonged infection.

In this paper, high-frequency (HF) transmission over relay channels is investigated. A three node system in which a relay node assists the transmission from the source to the destination is considered. To extract the multipath diversity for the HF channels, an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) transmission scheme is applied. It is assumed that exact channel knowledge is not available at the destination, and channel estimation is applied by transmitting pilot symbols. Different methods of interpolation are discussed in obtaining channel estimation. Simulation results are shown to compare the performance of different HF channels in low latitudes and in middle latitudes.

The innovation of the talent training model of higher education has been a top priority for Chinese universities in recent years as the traditional model is not in line with the development of modern society. Guangwai, as one of China’s top institutions of foreign languages and international trade, has been committed in innovations in its degree programmes education at both undergraduate and postgraduate levels, which has achieved a great success in the reform of talent training models. This paper focuses only on the case analysis of Guangwai’s innovation practices in the talent training model of professional master degree programmes in recent years so as to share the experiences with other universities.

This paper presents the method for determining the excitation capacitance range required to initiate the terminal voltage build-up in a three phase self-excited induction generator under different loading conditions. Based on steady state equivalent circuit model different numerical methods for solving frequency are known from previous literature which are of fourth order. In the proposed work a novel artificial bee colony algorithm is used to minimize the total admittance of per phase equivalent circuit. The minimum and maximum capacitances required for self-excitation are determined for the unsaturated magnetizing reactance, given rotor speed and load. The proposed method is simple as the problem is treated as a black box function. There is no need to separate the imaginary and real parts of the admittance function. The simulated results obtained are compared with conventional numerical methods to affirm the cogency and accuracy of proposed algorithm.

An evaluation of the PCBs residue from CauBay River and KieuKy area, Vietnam was carried out. CauBay River has been playing an important role in irrigated water supply for agriculture activities at KieuKy area in the downstream. The PCBs concentrations of sediment, soil samples were analyzed and obtain results indicated the wide extent of contamination of PCBs in CauBay River (from 31.72 to 169.32 ng g-1 dw) and KieuKy area (from 22.64 to 61.32 ng g-1 dw). This clearly reflected the effect of PCBs residue from CauBay River to quality of agricultural soil of KieuKy area. The PCBs composition analyses in the samples reflect their long-time release. The total cancer risk of PCBs in the soil of KieuKy fell into very low range suggesting low risk. However, since PCBs were the species of POPs with more concern in this area, therefore, ecological risk assessment should be further investigated.

It is essential to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of cystic fibrosis in time and with accuracy in order to avoid inappropriate testing. The aims of this study was to determine features of Cl ions concentration in patients sweat test that were suspected having cystic fibrosis and to evaluate correlation between this concentration and C reactive protein levels in serum. Results showed, that 9 out of 48 patients (18,75 % ) showed higher than normal Cl ions concentration values. 6 of them (12,5%) had a borderline concentration, while 3 (6,25%) were possitive according to Cl ions concentration test. Mean value of Cl ions concentration in males sweat was 25,37 mmol/l (p<0,05; PI=21,05-30,40) and there was no statistical significance compared to mean Cl ions concetration in females sweat which was 24,44 mmol/l (p<0,05; PI=19,96-28,91). All genetic tests\' results were negative for CFTR gene mutations. CRP test was performed in 17 cases (35,42%). No statisticly significant correlation between concentration of Cl ions in sweat and serum CRP was found (r= -0,16; p=0,531 ). No statisticly significant difference between Cl ions concentrations in sweat test according to gender was found in examined group. In our study no mutations of CFTR gene were found. Statisticaly significant correlation between Cl ions concentration in sweat test and serum CRP level was not found.

Hydrogen peroxide is considered to be an ideal bleaching agent for the production of bleached chemical pulps for papermaking, with minimum toxicity and environmental impact. Chlorine dioxide is a broad-spectrum germicide adopted in various pulp bleaching and water purification processes. A new combined generator of alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution and chlorine dioxide is developed for generating the alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution on the cathode and chlorine dioxide on the anode by the electrolysis of sodium chloride, by electrolytic method using nonionic quinone derivatives. There is a periodical aeration of air and sodium chloride on the anode which distinguishes the new combined generator from usual equipment. The calculated composite cost of hydrogen peroxide and chlorine dioxide is lower than that of a chlorine-based system on the same chemical equivalent. This research is helpful to improve the economic benefit and efficiency compared with traditional elemental chlorine-free and totally chlorine-free bleaching methods used on-site.

With the advancement in web the search engines became the power tool for obtaining useful information over the internet. Instead of considering the structure of information the machine on current web looks only about the location and display of information due to which the popular search engines also fails to produce satisfactory results. The shortcomings can be overcome by semantic web. The paper proposes a relation based search engine along with its system architecture and the key algorithm has been implemented for to improve the efficiency if semantic search.

This paper introduced a configurable dual-core embedded system for multimedia application of System-on-Chip (SoC), in which consisted of a master processor and a slave processor. The master processor is achieved by the simulator of SimpleScalar. In addition, the slave processor collocates with Xtensa processor, which is able to establish excellent multimedia application than the traditional designs. This proposed architecture can be configured in multiprocessors architecture, and verified by a provided simulation program. The main functional blocks integrated in this system includes dual cores, local memory, cache memory, shared memory, shared bus, and so forth. The best advantages of this paper is 1) using arbitration (soft IP) to replace the arbiter, 2) the IP reused and portable architecture are exactly corresponded to modern complicate SoC design.

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of two different mixtures of Lactobacillus buchneri DSM 20057, Lactobacillus plantarum DSM 20174 and Lactobacillus faecium DSM 20477 on the process of fermentation, aerobic stability and chemical composition of maize silages. The concentration of bacteria in mixture P1 was 1.2 x 1011 and in mixture P2 it was 1.3 x 1011. The object of the research was biomass containing the SAN (FAO 240), a maize (Zea mays L.) cultivar with the total dry mass of 327 g kg-1. Before the biomass was ensiled it had been cut into small pieces of 2 or 3 cm. After that silage was prepared in PVC micro-silos of the total volume of 4 dm3. The seal enabled exchange of gas products. The ensiling capacity reached 215 mEq kg-1 DM. The comparison of ensiled and non- ensiled biomass revealed that the amount of lactic acid bacteria was about 7.5% higher in the ensiled biomass. The observations showed that the share of yeasts and moulds was 21.3% and 73.4%, respectively. During the fermentation processes the concentration of WSC decreased by about 51% in comparison with the non-ensiled biomass. As a result there were no changes in the proteins, NDF or ADF concentration, but the ammonia concentration increased by 50%. The addition of mixtures P1 and P2 caused a significant increase (P<0.01) in lactic acid bacteria and a significant decrease (P<0.01) in the total count of yeasts and moulds. The findings of this study show that both mixtures, P1 and P2, with different strains of lactic acid bacteria have significant (P<0.01) influence on improvement in the aerobic stability in silages.

Non-linear loads introduce harmonics into the power distribution network. A performance comparison of 6-pulse, 12-pulse and 18-pulse converter feeding Direct Torque Control (DTC) induction drive has been presented, in this paper. The dc voltage obtained at the output of the converter is converted into ac voltage so as to feed the ac load. This conversion is performed by a traditional inverter and a Z-source inverter with different control methods. A comparative analysis of the 6-pulse, 12-pulse and 18-pulse converter based on traditional inverter and Z-source inverter has been performed. Their simulation models have been developed in MATLAB/SIMULINK, and results obtained show that Z-source inverter based converters provide better results in terms of total harmonic distortion (THD) in input current and input voltage.

In order to improve the optimal efficiency configuration of cantilever piezoelectric generator, the mathematical model of generating electricity based on piezoelectric equation is presented. Combining with internal energy, output voltage, charge and power of unimorph, series bimorph and parallel bimorph of piezoelectric cantilever are analyzed and discussed. The results show that the length of cantilever should be increased as possible, the width should be decreased, and series bimorph of piezoelectric cantilever should be employed at first to obtain large output voltage and power.

An important part of any computed tomography (CT) system is the reconstruction method, which transforms the measured data into images. Reconstruction methods for CT can be either analytical or iterative. The analytical methods are attractive because of their simplicity and low computational cost. However, these methods produce sub-optimal images with respect to artifacts, resolution, and noise. On contrast, iterative image reconstruction allows to easily model constraints and to incorporate prior knowledge which leads to better image quality. However, it requires more computational effort in comparison to back-projection approaches. On the other hand, resolution enhancement techniques have been demonstrated to be beneficial in improving the image quality of many medical imaging systems without the need for significant hardware alteration. In the conventional approach, the resolution enhancement step is done as a post process after CT image reconstruction, which increases the processing time. In this paper, we propose to improve the quality of the reconstructed image by using iterative reconstruction technique. Unlike the conventional approach, we propose to simultaneously estimate the resolution enhanced image with the reconstruction step which indeed reduce the overall processing time. Simultaneous resolution enhancement and image reconstruction can reduce computational time in comparison with the conventional resolution enhancement technique and in the same time increase the quality of the reconstructed image. Based on the simulation results, the proposed approach can reduce up to 78.3 % of the processing time compared to the conventional resolution enhancement approach with better quality.

Lately, the rural tourism is a sector where the innovation is increasingly present. There are new entrepreneurs who are developing the indigenous resources of the rural areas (folklore, gastronomy, crafts, products characteristic to the area: grapes, wine, olives etc.) into innovative tourism products in a sustainable manner. The main purpose of our paper is to identify the characteristics of these innovative entrepreneurs. To achieve our goal, we conducted a qualitative analysis in three regions – Cluj County (Romania), Campo de Borja (Spain) and Western Macedonia (Greece). Employing a semi structured interview, the study was focused on the identification and promotion of the best practices. The results emphasize that the innovative rural tourism entrepreneurs are defined by: strong passion for what they are doing, concern to develop/customize their products, cultural intelligence, social responsibility, good marketing and learning skills and awareness of the networking importance.

Regarding growing development of novel financial instruments, there has been an increasing call for the theoretical and empirical knowledge of financial volatility. Volatilities are always an invisible quantum which can only be estimated. So, sample size is a very important factor for the improvement of estimations from volatilities. In comparing and choosing the proper estimators, more data can be used in the given sample in order to improve the estimator’s results. High frequency data are known for significant improvement of the power of volatilities’ estimators1. As a considerable issue in finance, this paper emphasizes the volatility of financial markets, specifically considering high-frequency data modeling. We intended to search for the best estimator of true volatility by considering the newest contemplations in finance literature. Volatility is not directly observable and must be estimated. Estimator based on daily close data is imprecise. Range-based volatility estimators provide significantly more precision, but still remain noisy volatility estimates, a point that is some often forgotten when these estimators are used in next calculations. We analyzed features of these estimators and then defined high frequency trading. Second, we examined volatilities in Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE) by comparing them and using Parkinson model, Roger-Schell model, German-Klass model, and Yang-Zhang model from September 21, 2011 to September 21, 2013. We concluded that the best estimator is Parkinson estimator.

Seven variants of corn grit (K) and oat bran (O) mixture with the proportion ranging from K80:A20 to D20:O80 were extrusion-cooked. The changes in chemical composition of extrudates compared to the initial (not processed) mixtures concerned mainly crude fibre, ether extract and nitrogen-free-extract. Extrusion-cooking always reduced ether extract content, but the extent of the changes depended significantly on the K to O proportion, and ranged from nearly 90 % in the case of mixture K80:O20 to less than 10 % for K20:O80. A similar trend was observed for crude fibre. The increase in extrudates’ NFE content averaged 3.1 % and was relatively lower in the case of mixtures with a dominant share of oat bran. Increasing the share of oat bran (up to at least 50%) significantly reduced the effect of extrusion-cooking on the water solubility of extrudates (WSI), but increased to some extent the content of structural components in dry matter, which – from a dietetic point of view – confirms a reason for adding oat bran to corn grit in the initial mixture.

Hospital nursing personnel are responsible for a myriad of tasks; not only must they provide high quality patient care, but they must also be responsible for various duties such as performing routine administrative work and undergoing job training. Therefore, information equipment used by ward nursing stations involved in patient interaction must be able to satisfy the working needs of nursing personnel. In addition, hospitals must continue to reduce costs to deal with challenges arising from changes in insurance reimbursement policies. Therefore, putting the existing information system to full use, enhancing hospital operational efficiency, reducing costs, and improving operating system usability, timeliness, and accuracy in nursing stations is crucial in elevating nursing personnel operation quality and making these systems convenient for them to use. With the service science concept now attracting more and more attention, this study investigated methods to integrate knowledge from various fields, used innovative knowledge to develop the service systems, and adopted value co-creation methods to realise the goal of service innovation and co-creation designs.\nThe objectives of this study were as follows: we analysed developmental methods and procedures for service innovation, user-oriented design, and co-creation design to develop a user-oriented co-creation design (UCD) model and procedure that can be used by hospitals. Next, we applied the UCD model to a nursing station digital signage (NSDS) information system in a hospital, and explained the experimental procedure. Once the service system was fully installed, we used the technology acceptance model (TAM) to analyse the differences in the level of acceptance of the NSDS system between users who had prior experience using NSDS systems and those who did not. The results were used to verify the effect of the UCD model. \nThe research method involved the collection of data obtained from focus group interviews; these data were used to develop a UCD model and questionnaires. Subsequently, we used the questionnaires to collect the data required to produce subsequent statistics; 86 valid questionnaires were obtained. The results showed that: (a) the participants were satisfied with the NSDS service and found it highly convenient; participants with no prior usage experience had higher expectations on the service. (b) Concerning usage experience, NSDS was able to engender a positive effect on the system’s perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and user attitude towards use, indicating that NSDS can help enhance the efficiency of nursing personnel in hospital nursing stations and improve a hospital’s overall service quality. (c) The participants’ NSDS acceptance results were consistent with the TAM, showing that the attitude demonstrated by the participants was in line with the TAM and verifying that the UCD model developed by this study could be used for service innovation and co-creation design. The study results can be used as a reference by medical institutions when developing, using, and evaluating service technology systems.

The synthesis of new PEG supported Mukaiyama reagents and its application in synthesis of (S)-6-tert-butyl-6-methylmorpholine-2,5-dione are described. The results obtained were compared with the results obtained in classical synthesis and in solid-phase synthesis. The obtained preliminary results have showed that using PEG supported Mukaiyama reagents could be considered as an coupling agent to classical and solid phase synthesis of cyclic amides.

To map the intellectual structure of green supply chain management(GSCM) studies in this century, this study proposes a generic model of invisible network of knowledge through which the most important publications and the most influential scholars as well as the correlations among these publications can be identified. In this study, bibliometric and social network analysis techniques are used to investigate the intellectual pillars of the diversification literature. By analyzing 65,000 citations of 1,270 articles published in SSCI and SCI journals in diversification area between 2001 and 2012, this study maps an invisible network of knowledge of diversification studies. The results of the mapping present a solid foundation for a knowledge network in diversification area and help identify the invisible network of knowledge that traces the evolution of GSCM research.

This paper is designed to achieve the following objectives; to determine brand consumption of cigarettes and their probabilities. To investigates if cigarette consumption is associated with locations and facilities using Chi-squared statistics. The Phi coefficient is also applied to determine measure of association between locations and facilities. The analysis revealed that some brands of cigarette are more consumed than others based on the area the research covered. The computed Chi squared value is greater than the table value at 5% level of significance with one degree of freedom. This implies that the null hypothesis is rejected and we conclude that locations and facilities are dependent. In all, both the Chi squared test and the Phi coefficient provided the same conclusions.

The aim of this study was to assess how they affect different moisture content on some physical properties of the seeds of two varieties of barley. The size, dimensions, volume, bulk and particle densities, empyting and filling angles of repose and friction coefficients against different surfaces were evaluated for two varieties of barley, Esmeralda and Arabella, both supplied by the producers of the southern region of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico, as a function of moisture content in the range of 10.12 to 42.17 (w.b.%). Most physical properties of barley varieties were significantly affected by moisture content variation. The length, width, thickness and unit mass of Esmeralda variety increased from 9.88 to 10.16 mm, 3.37 to 3.89 mm, 2.54 to 2.80 mm and 0.048 to 0.074 g, respectively, as the moisture content increased. The respective values for Arabella varied from 8.37 to 8.87 mm, 3.03 to 3.21 mm, 2.21 to 2.37 mm and 0.037 to 0.043 g, respectively. That is attributed to major content in carbohydrates (mainly alimidón) Esmeralda variety in comparison with Arabela, which declare adsorption capacity of water and declare and granules filling. In Esmeralda variety, sphericity, geometric mean diameter, bulk density, particle density and porosity increased from 44.59 to 47.40%; 4.38 to 4.79 mm; 568.10 to 613.68 kg m-3; 1,099.65 to 1,245.72 kg m-3 and 48.34 to 50.74%, respectively. The coefficient of static friction increased linearly against all the tested surfaces as the moisture content increased. In Arabella variety, sphericity increased from 45.79 to 45.89%; geometric mean diameter increased from 3.82 to 4.06 mm; bulk density increased from 579.68 to 608.58 kg m-3; particle density varied from 1,410.82 to 1,230.61 kg m-3; porosity varied from 58.91 to 50.55% and the coefficient of static friction increased linearly against all the tested surfaces as the moisture content increased, also attributable to substantially more starch content in a variety to the other. The angle of repose for emptying and filling increased linearly as well.

Level of adaptation and regenerator opportunities of a liver of domestic cats is studied in the conditions of norm and at various pathologies, both in the reproductive period of ontogenesis, and at the age of the expressed senile changes. Information parameters were applied to definition of resources of organ. Considerable decrease in adaptation and regenerative ability of organ in norm is revealed in aging of organism. At not tumoral diseases of a liver the tendency to violation of integrity of system and its destruction is revealed, as existing structural reserves are involved in diseases process, that reduces number of excess structural elements of system and reduces its structural variety. At tumoral diseases information system of organ becomes simpler, more ordered, increases the reliability of system. The tendency to system growth is observed, which can testify to compensation and adaptive reactions in organ.

In recent, most tourists use the Internet to retrieve information for supporting their decision in selecting the tourist places that conform to their preferences. The most common method is the decision based on reviews of experienced tourists. However, tourists must read enormous reviews in order to select their preferred tourist places. This article presents an automatic knowledge acquisition system by analyzing tourists’ preferences from online reviews. The knowledge acquisition system combines several techniques, such as using ontology as a knowledge base for knowledge extraction and storage, and using the semantic analysis technique to solve the feature extraction problems. In addition, this system provides a fuzzy-based method for calculating a tourists’ satisfaction level with accommodation services and facilities. The experimental results of the feature extraction process are achieved in 79.22% of overall accuracy, 100% of overall precision, and 76.05% of overall recall. Moreover, the evaluation of accommodation rating process reveals that overall review points calculated by the system are 0.378 different from those specified by tourists while the root mean square error (RMSE) is 0.489.

The extracted traffic information from satellite images is an important issue which is concentrated during the past two decades. The overall goal of this issue is to find the quantity of vehicles by separating the light and heavy vehicles in an aerial or satellite images. Due to the time consuming manual methods in this paper, the process is carried out by using image processing techniques. Extracting this information has many applications in different fields of science and practice of urban traffic management that became a direct need for the society. Therefore, access to the upgraded information and yet available to process will be so important. [1]\nThe presented method in this paper is, separating and counting vehicles using satellite images based on programming technique of GUI in the MATLAB software. The carried out separation is directly proportional with the image quality, thus, by having a high resolution image we can separate the light and heavy, two-or three-axis load vehicles or even all vehicles according to the Scheme Regulations. [2]\nIt seems that human accuracy should be uses in extraction of traffic data as an effective factor. Also the cost and time issues as a serious impediment to access this information indicates more need to this software.

In accordance with the importance of airfields and their influence on passenger’s safety, uninterrupted inspections of pavement indexes were needed to apply the best maintenance and repair method for reducing deterioration rate.\nIn this research in addition to PCI (Pavement Condition Index) other important indexes like FOD (Foreign Object Damage) and IRI (International Roughness Index) are measured to investigate the relations between them and propose appropriate patterns.\nAccording to the data base that collected from runway of Zahedan international airport and also applying a predictive analytic software named SPSS , it is concluded that by intensifying distresses and consequently reduction of PCI index the growth of FOD index toward IRI , will increase more sensitively .

Gradually, the facilities and equipment used to produce a product are losing their simplicity and getting more and more complex. In particular, developments observed in automatic control, electronic, hydraulic and pneumatic techniques contribute to complexity in manufacturing facilities. \nThe complexity and excellence of the manufacturing facilities minimize the use of labor and increases the efficiency too much when compared to the traditional ways of production; however, they require more fixed-capital investment. Therefore, the possible malfunctions of the equipment used in such facilities may result in big losses as fixed-capital investment and volume of production are high. The volume of production has reached so high levels that even a small break in the production can seriously affect the financial structure of a firm because except for the raw materials, expenses such as wages, amortization, operating costs are not dependent on the production. \nMinimization of the losses stemming from the malfunctions of the production equipment and hence optimum use of the resources can only be possible through careful repair and maintenance planning. \nIn line with the developing technology of the equipment and increase seen in the level of atomization, the training level, motivation, and organization of the maintenance personnel should be developed to prevent breakdown in the production, loss in the quality of the production, production losses, and accompanying financial losses. \nThe study aim to investigate the maintenance activities conducted in small-, medium-, and large-scale furniture organizations through questionnaire method.

The fi…rst integral method (FIM) is applied to reach the different\ntype solutions of time fractional Kaup-Boussinesq (fKP) equation with time\ndependent coeffcient. We obtained envelope, bell shaped, triangular and kink soliton solutions of this equation. The method is an e¤ective one to reach the different types of solutions of fractional nonlinear partial differential equations\n(fNPDE).