We studied the response of Elaeagnus rhamnoides (sea buckthorn) to drought in a nursery experiment. As a result of the drought the growth of the seedlings decreased and allocation patterns changed. However, changes in photosynthesis and chlorophyll content under drought were rather modest. The results suggest that changes in biomass are the primary reactions that initiate a series of compensatory reactions that mitigate the effects of drought in Elaeagnus rhamnoides. Growth and physiological differences in response to drought were compared between four sea buckthorn seedlings treatments inhabited in the Qazvin provenance origin seeds in Mashhad city of Iran. The experimental design included four water regimes (100% of field capacity) and three blocks. Our experiments were conducted in a naturally lit nursery under semi-controlled environmental conditions for a whole growing season. Four-month-old seedlings were examined with four different water regimes corresponding to 2, 4, 8, 12, day\'s duration for four month. The experimental design was a randomly complete block design that included four treatments with seven replicate plants in each treatment. Chlorophyll content and Photosynthetic of fresh leaves was determined using a SPAD, CCI and A at the end of the watering treatment by several devices. At the end of the experiment, biomass samples divided into shoot (leaves and stem) and root were dried and weighed. We found that drought tolerance is highly related to the plant physiology in E. rhamnoides. The A was positively correlated with SPAD and DS but negatively correlated with the CCI and DR in all of treatments except 12 day irrigation. CCI was positively correlated with DR, in 2day treatment, with SPAD and DR in 8day with all of traits in 4day and 12 day but negatively correlated with others. As can be seen from Table 1 there were significant negative correlations between SPAD with DR in first watering regime and DS in third watering regime. Between DR and DS were significant positive correlations only in 12day tratment but significant negatively correlated in 2day and 8day watering regime measured. Two-way analysis of variance procedure was used. Differences between means were separated using Tukey\'s test. Stepwise regressions were calculated to determine the relationships between A as a response variable and others as predictors for different treatments. Leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence decreased gradually with both time and increasing soil water deficit, reaching minimum values at the end of the experimental period. At this sampling day, the A values did not differ significantly between the 4 and 8day; 8 and 12day treatments. CCI also tended to decrease progressively with the drought treatments and time, except for in the plants from third to fourth treatment. At the end of the experiment, significant differences at 0.01 levels were observed between 12day-irrigated versus well-watered plants (2day) in all of traits except DR. We conclude that DS was more tolerant to drought than DR. Compared with the 2day, under water deficit the 12 and 8day had lower biomass production. These morphological and physiological responses to water availability showed that the different watering regime may employ different survival strategies under drought stress at the initial phase of seedling growth and establishment.

Abstract: In 16 th century, India was located in the east of Iran. There was a good relation between these two Empires, Mughal in India and Safavid in Iran. There were Provinces in these two territories which had expanded year after year. In these Provinces there were some officials in central administration for example in India, We see vakil who was the chief advisor in the court. Mir Bakhshi was the pay master. Khani Saman who accompanied the emperor in his journeys and campaigns and controlled the personal servants of the emperor. Sadr us sudur was the chief sadr of the emperor. Muktasib was the censor of Public morals and Diwan e Buyutat was the title that was given to the office who registered the wealth and property of deceased. Subahdar, faoujdar, Amil, Bakhshi, Bitikchi and khazanadar were the other officials in Mughal Period. But in Safavid Period there were some officials in the court and other provinces such as: Vaziri Azam, the highest dignitary ruler. Naziri Buyutat who assisted the Vaziri Azam in discharge of some of his function as a minister in charge foreign affairs. Waqia- Navis held a very high and in the central hierarchy of the Safavid government and was one of the great nobles of the court. Mustoufi-ul Mamalik was the deputy and technical assistant the Vaziri Ala in financial matters and acted the accountant and auditor general of the empire. Munshi ul Momalik and Ishak Agasi were the others. In the courts of shariah, there were sadr, Mulla Bashi, Sheikh ul Islam and Qazi under the safavid.

Regarding the strengthening of spiritual intelligence can improve Staff\' mental health, this study intended to compare the spiritual intelligence and Job performance vellayat university Staff . This cross-sectional study involved 100 vellayat university Staff who were randomly selected. The spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory Questionnaire king(SISRI – 24) was used for data collection. Statistical analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and standard deviation) as well as the Pearson\'s correlation coefficient in SPSS 18. The results showed that Means of spiritual intelligence in equal male Staff (102/15±11/46) and female Staff (96/79±13/97). This difference is not significant (p = 0/062) This study shows that that there is a positive relationship between spiritual intelligence and job performance, The increase in spiritual intelligence can enhanced job performance

Abstract\nThe wavelet transform is one of the new and powerful tools useful in early fault detection and condition monitoring. The conventional methods of signal processing, such as the Fourier transforms, are powerful for diagnosing and detecting faults in a rotating machine, but it must be mentioned that this technique is suitable only for stationary conditions. When there are non-stationary signals or a signal that is contaminated by noise, the Fourier transform is not useful. Since rolling element bearings are the most common cause of rotating machine failure, in this research the comparative study was established for the fault detection of bearings. After the healthy bearing was selected, it was installed on an electromotor, and the bearings vibration in the time domain was measured by \"Easy Viber\" made by the Swedish company VMI. The time signal of the faulty bearing was also measured after the healthy bearing was damaged and then reinstalled. Time signals were transferred to Easy Viber\'s special software known as \"SpectraPro\". In order to apply a wavelet transform, the time signals of both the healthy and the faulty bearing were transferred to Matlab (2012b) software, and the signals were analyzed in the wavelet toolbox. A comparison of the output spectrum showed increased brightness as the sign of fault grew in this transform. The results revealed that both the discrete and the continuous wavelet transforms are powerful in the early fault detection of bearings.

Positioning or Localization, that is, determining the location of every sensor is important and the process aims to have the maximum percentage of localized nodes whether stationary or in motion. This paper differentiates between terrestrial sensor networks with the underwater paradigm and also explores the different positioning approaches that are relevant to underwater sensor networks, and the challenges in meeting the requirements posed by emerging applications. We propose a new approach which enhances the performance of an AUV-guided positioning system in an UW-ASN.

Okra is a traditional pod vegetable widely grown in low, medium and high-input systems for domestic and export markets. The economic and ecological sustainability of okra in these systems is under question because of the low-yielding potential, sub-optimal pod quality and susceptibility to biotic and biotic stresses especially the yellow vein mosaic virus of the traditionally cultivated open-pollinated varieties and landraces. Development and use of improved varieties with high yield potential, superior pod quality and resistance to yellow vein mosaic virus plays an important role in bringing sustainability of okra in these systems. Fifteen single cross hybrids developed by crossing six newly developed inbred lines (RNOYR-14, RNOYR-15, RNOYR-16, RNOYR-17, RNOYR-18 and RNOYR-24), in half-diallel fashion during rainy season 2012, were evaluated along with three standard checks [No. 64 (Mahyco), Avantika (228), (Bioseed) and Shakti (Nunhems)] in a randomized complete block design with three replications during summer 2013 at the Vegetable Research Station, Hyderabad for studying their yield potential, pod quality and resistance to yellow vein mosaic virus. On the basis of mean performance, three crosses RNOYR-15×RNOYR-16, RNOYR-16×RNOYR-17 and RNOYR-17×RNOYR-18 were of significantly higher yield potential than the standard check ‘No. 64’, but of comparable yield potential with other checks ‘Avantika’ and ‘Shakti’. In addition, these three crosses were also of superior pod quality and resistance to yellow vein mosaic virus could be exploited for development of commercial hybrid okra. These hybrids would be advantage for production and quality improvement, trade facilitation and environmental protection.

This research was carried out to investigate the potential of row direction, plant arrangement and seed priming to increase yield and oil ratio of sunflower under rainfed conditions in Turkey. The experiment was established during summer seasons of 2010 and 2011 years by using four row directions (North-East, South-West, NE-SW and NW-SE), three plant arrangements (70 × 30, 60 × 35 and 50 × 42 cm) and seed priming (control, hydropriming and KNO3) were applied to cv. Sanbro MR. In the study, days to flowering, plant height, head diameter, thousand seed weight, seed yield, oil ratio and photosynthetic parameters were investigated. The results showed that seed yield, yield components, oil ratio along with photosynthetic parameters were higher in 2011. Seed yield obtained from row direction was ranged from 2106-2367 kg ha-1 in 2010 and it was obtained as 4115-4263 kg ha-1 in 2011 while no significant differences were determined among them. There was no effective row direction to enhance seed yield and oil content. Hydropriming and plant arrangement of 60 × 35 cm were found to be effective to increase seed yield of sunflower cultivars. The rate of photosynthesis also was higher in 2011 along with the investigated agronomic characteristics. Seed priming increased the rate of photosynthesis and the increased photosynthetic activity was evaluated as an indicator of improved seed yield. It was concluded that plant arrangement of 60 × 35 cm and hydropriming should be preferred to increase seed yield of sunflower regardless of row direction.