A groupoid that satisfies the left invertive law: ab.c=cb.a for all a,b,c is called an AG-groupoid. We extend this concept to introduce a Stein AG-groupoid. We prove the existence of this type of AG-groupoid by providing some non-associative examples. We also explore some basic and general properties of these AG-groupoids and find their relations with other known subclasses of AG-groupoids. We present a table of enumeration for these AG-groupoids up to order 6 and further categorize into associative and non-associative. We also develop a method to test an arbitrary AG-groupoid for this new class. Further, we also characterize these AG-groupoids by the properties of their ideals.

Buildings and living in buildings have changed significantly during two past decades. It can be said that except for a few cases, the current buildings don’t belong to the present era. We are at the beginning of new generation of the next buildings which different levels of technology have fully ecological behavior and having an appropriate functioning and using compatible materials intelligently, they can react against direct and indirect changes of the environment and use the environment energies in the most proper way. The main purpose of the present study is to introduce smart materials and their functioning and more important, application method and their behavior in building projects in using new energies. To state the importance of the issue and use energy sources better especially new energies, first smart materials in buildings are introduced and then their role in reducing energy consumption and is considered.

Stone columns are considered as an effective option for improvement of soft soil such as clay and loose sand with silt. The bearing capacity of soils with stone columns are increased and also soil settlement is decreased and can be achieved a appropriate level of safety against geometrical hazards. Various methods have been proposed to stabilize soft substrate, which among them, the use of stone columns that replaced as a part of the soft soil of site, are appropriate and economical procedure. In the present paper to evaluate of bearing capacity of soft clay reinforced by stone columns, a finite element analysis by software Plaxis 2D has been carried out. Eventually, by using numerical analysis, the bearing capacity ratio (β) of soft clay reinforced by stone columns, is evaluated and then the results of this study are compared with results in the technical literature.

Abstract Mushroom can serve as food, tonic, and as medicine thus make people healthier, fitter and happier. They have a cracking potential for generating great socioeconomic impact in human welfare at local, national and international level. With the help of allied mushroom farming we can easily tackle the problem of food for growing world population; reduce environmental pollution by bioconversion of huge organic wastes into mushrooms; recycle huge quantity of organic wastes to mushroom crops, biofertilizers, and biogass; restore damaged environment by mushroom mycelia through mycoforestry, mycoremediationm, mycofiltration and mycopesticides in a zero emission fashion. They can be used to degrade radioactive industrial biocide wastes in an eco-friendly fashion. Since mushroom cultivation is an indoor agribusiness, it could have great economic impact by generating employment, income and functional food requirements for rural people especially in developing countries. How far mushroom cultivation can meet the functional food requirements; address the domestic food challenges, rising food prices and crisis vis a vis environmental sustainability will be thrust areas of this Communication.

Wireless sensor networks consist of autonomous nodes which are used to monitor physical or environmental conditions like pressure, temperature and proximity. Wireless Sensor nodes are less accessed, though it has a limited battery life, there are many challenges in identifying false data. False data is generally detected and dropped by the sink, but the false data travelling in the network causes a lot of battery wastage. The work presented in this paper concerns about filtering the false data in the routing nodes before it reaches the sink and saves the resources. The proposed solution involves using Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) by deploying keys to the sensor nodes when the network is first deployed. Sensed data is verified by usage of message authentication code. Location and the time stamp of the forwarding nodes is monitored to detect unusual activity by the forwarding nodes.

Purselane oleracea leaves constituents in a group of nature antioxidant. In this study, the antioxidant extracts of whit methanol 80% and distils water done, and then purified extract, powders were dry. After wards the composition in both extractions by GC/MC detection. The antioxidant properties of the resulting powder in different concentrate utilize among two concentrate of - tocopherol (200 ppm and 500ppm) and BHT(100 ppm and 200ppm) in sunflower oil, Purselane leaves treatment with different concentration of aqueous extract and methanol extracting (0.025, 0.05 and 0.075%) at 50°c and 0,5, 10,15,20 days of indicates DPPH, phenolic compounds, peroxide value(p.v) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) were evaluated and compared. The resulting of GC/MC showed that the major components of the aqueous extract and methanol extract including fatty acid (Palmitic acid, luric acid, behenic acid, ascorbic acid, palmetic acid, Linolenic acid, Linoleic acid) essential amino acid (Pyro glutamic acid and Glutamic acid), nature phenolic, aromatic ketone, antioxyne B and coumaran. Both extraction were also to reduce DPPH radical but the amount of phenolic components in the extraction were higher than the aqueous extract all concentration of extract of Purselane leaves peroxide value and TBHQ were able to reduce and oxidation rate of formation of hydro peroxide have reduce(p0.05). it should be noted that the quest extract of Purselane has strong antioxidant properties them extract methanol the above.